What is an array ? Write a C program to add two matrices of 3 x 3 using arrays.

-

 What is an Array? Write a C program to add two matrices of 3 x 3 using arrays.

Introduction to Arrays

An array is a collection of items stored at contiguous memory locations. The idea is to store multiple items of the same type together. This makes it easier to calculate the position of each element by simply adding an offset to a base value, i.e., the memory location of the first element of the array (generally denoted by the name of the array).

For simplicity, we can think of an array a fleet of stairs where on each step is placed a value (let’s say one of your friends). Here, you can identify the location of any of your friends by simply knowing the count of the step they are on.
Remember: “Location of next index depends on the data type we use”.
array

The above image can be looked at as a top-level view of a staircase where you are at the base of the staircase. Each element can be uniquely identified by their index in the array (in a similar way as you could identify your friends by the step on which they were on in the above example).


Matrix addition in C

Matrix addition in C language to add two matrices, i.e., compute their sum and print it. A user will input the order of matrix (number of rows and columns) and two matrices. For example, if the order is 2, 2, i.e., two rows and two columns and the matrices are:
First matrix:
1 2
3 4
Second matrix:
4 5
-1 5
then the output will be:
5 7
2 9

Addition of two matrices in C

C program for matrix addition:

#include <stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
   int m, n, c, d, first[10][10], second[10][10], sum[10][10];
 
   printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of matrix\n");
   scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
   printf("Enter the elements of first matrix\n");
 
   for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
      for (d = 0; d < n; d++)
         scanf("%d", &first[c][d]);
 
   printf("Enter the elements of second matrix\n");
 
   for (c = 0; c < m; c++)
      for (d = 0 ; d < n; d++)
         scanf("%d", &second[c][d]);
   
   printf("Sum of entered matrices:-\n");
   
   for (c = 0; c < m; c++) {
      for (d = 0 ; d < n; d++) {
         sum[c][d] = first[c][d] + second[c][d];
         printf("%d\t", sum[c][d]);
      }
      printf("\n");
   }
 
   return 0;
}


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

What is a string ? Write a function in C for string concatenation. Without the use of inbuilt string function?

-
Image
 What is a String? Write a function in C for string concatenation. Without the use of an inbuilt string function. String A string is a data type used in programmings, such as an integer and floating-point unit, but is used to represent text rather than numbers. It is comprised of a set of characters  that can also contain spaces and numbers. For example, the word "hamburger" and the phrase "I ate 3 hamburgers" are both strings. Even "12345" could be considered a string, if specified correctly. Typically, programmers must enclose strings in quotation marks for the data to recognized as a string and not a number or variable name . String concatenation in C C program to concatenate two strings, for example, if the two input strings are "C programming," and " language" (note the space  before language), then the output will be "C programming language." To concatenate the strings, we use strcat function of string.h, to concatenate ...
Read more

What is the scope of a Variable? Explain the difference between a global and local variables with example programs.

-
 What is the scope of a Variable? Explain the difference between global and local variables with example programs. A scope in any programming is a region of the program where a defined variable can have its existence and beyond that variable, it cannot be accessed. There are three places where variables can be declared in C programming language − Inside a function or a block which is called  local  variables. Outside of all functions which are called  global  variables. In the definition of function parameters which are called  formal  parameters. Let us understand what are  local  and  global  variables, and  formal  parameters. Local Variables Variables that are declared inside a function or block are called local variables. They can be used only by statements that are inside that function or block of code. Local variables are not known to functions outside their own. The following example shows how local variables are u...
Read more

What is a pointer ? Write a C program using pointer to print the name and price of the items sold in a retail shop on a specific date.

-
What is a Pointer? Write a C program using a pointer to print the name and price of the items sold in a retail shop on a specific date.  Pointers in C are easy and fun to learn. Some C programming tasks are performed more easily with pointers, and other tasks, such as dynamic memory allocation, cannot be performed without using pointers. So it becomes necessary to learn pointers to become a perfect C programmer. Let's start learning them in simple and easy steps. #include <stdio.h> int main () { int var1 ; char var2 [ 10 ]; printf ( "Address of var1 variable: %x\n" , & var1 ); printf ( "Address of var2 variable: %x\n" , & var2 ); return 0 ; } What are Pointers? A  pointer  is a variable whose value is the address of another variable, i.e., direct address of the memory location. Like any variable or constant, you must declare a pointer before using it to store any variable address. The general form of a pointer v...
Read more